Which plan proposed at the Constitutional Convention favored larger states by suggesting proportional representation in Congress?

The Virginia Plan proposed at the Constitutional Convention favored larger states through its suggestion of proportional representation in Congress. This plan, drafted by James Madison, called for a bicameral legislature where representation in both houses would be based on the population of each state. This meant that larger states would have more representatives, thereby increasing their influence in the legislative process.

The plan stood in contrast to others that aimed to provide equal representation to all states, such as the New Jersey Plan, which argued for a unicameral legislature with equal representation regardless of state size. Additionally, the Connecticut Compromise later merged ideas from both the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan by creating a bicameral legislature that included both proportional representation in the House and equal representation in the Senate. The 3/5 Compromise, on the other hand, dealt with how slaves would be counted for purposes of representation and taxation but did not itself propose a plan for representation. Therefore, the recognition of the Virginia Plan as the one favoring larger states due to its call for proportional representation is critical to understanding the dynamics of the Convention and the subsequent Constitution.