Which of the following established the structure of the United States Congress?

The Connecticut Compromise, also known as the Great Compromise of 1787, plays a crucial role in establishing the structure of the United States Congress. This compromise was designed to resolve the conflict between two different plans for congressional representation: the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan.

The Virginia Plan proposed a bicameral legislature with representation based on population, favoring larger states, while the New Jersey Plan advocated for a unicameral legislature with equal representation for each state, favoring smaller states. The Connecticut Compromise synthesized these ideas by creating a bicameral Congress with two houses: the House of Representatives, where representation would be based on population, and the Senate, where each state would have equal representation (two senators from each state).

This compromise was essential in balancing the interests of states with large populations against those of smaller states, ensuring both would have fair representation in the national legislature. This foundational structure of Congress is still in place today, highlighting the significance of the Connecticut Compromise in American political history.