Which of the following best defines the concept of ‘Federalism’?

Federalism is best defined as the division of powers between a central government and local or state governments. This system allows for a distribution of authority, where both levels of government have distinct responsibilities and powers enshrined in a constitution or legal framework. This structure promotes a balance of power, enabling different government entities to operate independently while also working together to govern effectively.

In a federal system, the central government typically handles national-level issues such as defense, foreign affairs, and national economic policies, whereas local governments manage community matters, such as education, law enforcement, and local infrastructure. This balance helps to address the needs and rights of various regions while ensuring that states have the authority to legislate on local issues.

Understanding federalism emphasizes its importance in protecting individual liberties and allowing for regional diversity by giving states the ability to adopt policies that best reflect their unique populations while remaining part of a larger national framework.