Which amendment deals with cruel and unusual punishment?

The 8th Amendment of the United States Constitution explicitly addresses the issue of cruel and unusual punishment. This amendment serves as a safeguard against excessive penalties and barbaric treatment within the legal system, ensuring that punishment is proportionate to the nature of the offense committed. Its inclusion reflects Enlightenment principles of human rights and the humane treatment of individuals, even those who have committed crimes. The concern for humane treatment and the belief that certain forms of punishment are inherently unjust are foundational to the protections offered under this amendment.

Other amendments listed focus on different legal rights and protections. For instance, the 6th Amendment guarantees the right to a speedy trial and legal counsel, while the 5th Amendment addresses rights related to due process and self-incrimination. The 7th Amendment pertains to the right to jury trials in civil cases. Each of these amendments plays a significant role in the justice system, but it is the 8th Amendment that directly confronts the issue of punishment standards.