What principle allows citizens to elect their representatives?

The principle that allows citizens to elect their representatives is known as popular sovereignty. This concept is foundational to democratic governance, emphasizing that the authority of the government comes from the consent of the governed—that is, the power ultimately resides with the people. In practice, this means that citizens have the right to vote for their representatives in government, thereby influencing legislation and policy decisions that affect their lives.

Understanding popular sovereignty is essential, as it highlights the importance of civic engagement and the role of elections in a democracy. This principle ensures that elected officials are accountable to the electorate and must represent the interests and will of their constituents.

The other principles mentioned, while important to the functioning of government, do not specifically relate to the citizens’ right to elect their representatives. Federalism refers to the division of power between national and state governments, checks and balances focus on the distribution of power among the branches of government to prevent tyranny, and separation of powers delineates the distinct responsibilities of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. These concepts work together to create a stable government but do not directly address the process of citizen representation through elections.