What does 'liberty' encompass according to the Constitution?

The concept of 'liberty' as outlined in the Constitution primarily encompasses the protection of individual rights and freedoms, which include voting rights and freedom of speech. These elements are vital components of a democratic society and are explicitly protected under the First Amendment. This amendment guarantees not only the right to express one's opinions freely but also to participate in the political process, including the right to vote. The framers of the Constitution considered these freedoms essential to maintaining a government that is accountable to its citizens and reflective of their will.

While national security, economic opportunity, and environmental protections are important aspects of governance and society, they do not directly pertain to the fundamental liberties that the Constitution seeks to protect. The emphasis on voting rights and freedom of speech exemplifies the broader principle of individual autonomy and freedom that lies at the heart of the American constitutional framework.